1 From machine vision terminology to machine vision fundamentals

Machine vision and computer vision terminology might be confusing. Here is a definition, that we will use in this website.

The first high-level term in this field was computer vision. Since the core of the 1970s intelligent robot was a vision, the research area was named after it (Ejiri 2007). In terms of research content, however, the case and name refer more to the current interpreter of machine vision.

According to Smith et al. (2021), the current de facto interpretation of machine vision is “computer vision techniques to help solve practical industrial problems that involve a significant visual component”. The state-of-the-art interpretation combines machine vision and deep learning methods and considers machine vision as one of the core technologies of artificial intelligence (Smith et al. 2021).

Figure 1. Relationship between artificial
intelligence, machine learning and deep learning. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence, and deep learning is a subset of particular machine learning.
Figure 2. Relationship between the terms machine vision, computer vision and machine learning. Machine vision has two sub-terms; computer vision and image capturing. The essence of computer vision lies in machine learning.
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